About Skin Cancer

Nonmelanoma skin cancer primarily comprises basal cell carcinoma and squamous cell
carcinoma. Rates of skin cancer have been described as epidemic, with the incidence
of all skin cancers rising at 4% to 5% each year.

Frequency
United States
In 1994, the annual incidence in the United States ranged from 81-136 cases per
100,000 population for men and 26-59 cases per 100,000 population for women.

International
Prevalence rates of squamous cell carcinoma vary in different countries. The highest
incidence occurs in Australia, where the age-adjusted incidence has been calculated
to be 1332 cases per 100,000 population for men and 755 cases per 100,000
population for women.

One reason for the rising incidence of skin cancer is an increase in sun exposure in
the general population. Some postulate that ozone depletion may be intensifying UV
exposure. Other contributing factors for the increased incidence of skin cancer include
the advancing age of the US and world population, earlier and more frequent
diagnosis due to enhanced public awareness of skin cancer, and more frequent skin
examinations by physicians and patients.

The definitive treatment for most skin cancers involves the complete surgical removal
of the lesion, ensuring that the margins are free of tumor cells. Other treatment
options include curettage and electrodessication, excision, Erbium laser, and
phototherapy; and postoperative margin assessment, radiation therapy, and
superficial therapies.
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